Indlela yokuhlanza amanzi amalungu ezisebenzi abawaphuzayo emikhunjini

Inqubo yokuhlanza amanzi asetshenziswe amalungu ezisebenzi esikebheni iyisinyathelo esibalulekile nesiyinkimbinkimbi, esiqinisekisa ukuphepha nempilo yamanzi abo okuphuza. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokuhlanza eziyinhloko nezinyathelo:

Omunye, Samanzi desalination

Emikhumbini ehamba olwandle, ngenxa yokunqunyelwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile, ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle ngokuvamile buyadingeka ukuze kutholwe amanzi ahlanzekile. Kukhona ikakhulukazi lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zobuchwepheshe bokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle:

1. I-Distillation:

I-distillation yokucindezela okuphansi: Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo zokucindezela okuphansi, indawo yokuncibilika kwamanzi olwandle iphansi. Ngokufudumeza amanzi olwandle ayahwamuka abese ejiya abe amanzi ahlanzekile. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhunjini yezimpahla futhi ingakhiqiza kahle amanzi ahlanzekile, kodwa ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa njengamanzi asekhaya ngoba lolu hlobo lwamanzi lungase lungabi namaminerali.

1. Reverse Osmosis indlela:

Vumela amanzi olwandle adlule kulwelwesi olukhethekile olukwazi ukungena, ama-molecule amanzi kuphela angadlula, kuyilapho usawoti kanye namanye amaminerali emanzini olwandle enqanyulwa. Le ndlela ihambisana kakhulu nemvelo futhi yonga amandla, isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhunjini nasezithwalini zezindiza, futhi ikhiqiza amanzi ahlanzekile ekhwalithi ephezulu afanele ukuphuzwa.

Okwesibili, ukwelashwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile

Emanzini ahlanzekile asevele etholakele noma agcinwe emikhunjini, kudingeka ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwekhwalithi yamanzi:

1. Ukuhlunga:

• Kusetshenziswa isihlungi esigoqekayo se-microporous filtration membrane, esifakwe i-cartridge yokuhlunga engu-0.45μm, ukususa ama-colloid nezinhlayiya ezinhle emanzini.
• Izihlungi eziningi njengezitofu zetiye zikagesi (okuhlanganisa izihlungi zekhabhoni ezicushiwe, izihlungi ze-ultrafiltration, izihlungi ze-osmosis ezihlehlayo, njll.) ziqhubeka nokuhlunga futhi zithuthukise ukuphepha kwamanzi okuphuza.

1. Khipha amagciwane:

• Ukwenziwa inzalo kwe-UV: Ukusebenzisa amandla ama-photon e-ultraviolet ukucekela phansi ukwakheka kwe-DNA yamagciwane ahlukahlukene, amagciwane, namanye amagciwane emanzini, okuwenza alahlekelwe amandla awo okuphindaphinda nokuzala, ukuzuza umphumela wokuvala inzalo.
• Ezinye izindlela zokubulala amagciwane ezifana ne-chlorine disinfection kanye ne-ozone disinfection nazo zingasetshenziswa, kuye ngohlelo lokuhlanza amanzi kanye nokucushwa kwemishini yomkhumbi.

I-Ultraviolet sterilizer

Okwesithathu, Ukusetshenziswa kweminye imithombo yamanzi

Ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengalapho izindawo zokugcina amanzi ahlanzekile zinganele noma zingakwazi ukugcwaliswa ngesikhathi, amalungu eqembu angathatha ezinye izinyathelo zokuthola imithombo yamanzi:

1. Ukuqoqwa kwamanzi emvula: Qoqa amanzi emvula njengomthombo wamanzi owengeziwe, kodwa qaphela ukuthi amanzi emvula angase athwale ukungcola futhi kufanele aphathwe ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokuphuza.
2. Ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi omoya: Khipha umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni usebenzisa umoya uwuyise emshinini wamanzi bese uwuguqula ube amanzi okuphuza. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu wolwandle, kodwa ingase ikhawulelwe ukusebenza kwemishini nokusebenza kahle.

Okwesine, Izindaba zidinga ukunakwa

• Amalungu eqembu kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi umthombo wamanzi uhlanzwe ngokuphelele futhi ubulawe amagciwane ngaphambi kokuphuza amanzi.
• Hlola futhi ugcine imishini yokuhlanza amanzi njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuhlunga okusebenzayo.
• Ezimweni lapho ukuphepha kwezinga lamanzi kungenakuqinisekiswa, ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwemithombo yamanzi enganakiwe kufanele kugwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kafushane, inqubo yokuhlanza amanzi asetshenziswe amalungu ezisebenzi ebhodini ihilela izigaba eziningi ezifana nokukhishwa kwamanzi olwandle usawoti, ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile, kanye nokusetshenziswa kweminye imithombo yamanzi, okuhloswe ngayo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nempilo yabasebenzi ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezindlela zobuchwepheshe.